$ARB 2018 · 3 min

Arbitrum: Skalierbare, private Smart Contracts

Arbitrum: Scalable, Private Smart Contracts

Von Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder

Nebeneinander-Modus usenix.org
16px

Overview

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Protocol Design

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Consensus and Security

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Network Operation

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Economics and Governance

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Implementation Notes

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts | USENIX Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder, Xiaoqi Chen, S. Matthew Weinberg, and Edward W. Felten, We present Arbitrum, a cryptocurrency system that supports smart contracts without the limitations of scalability and privacy of systems previous systems such as Ethereum. Arbitrum, like Ethereum, allows parties to create smart contracts by using code to specify the behavior of a virtual machine (VM) that implements the contract's functionality. Arbitrum uses mechanism design to incentivize parties to agree off-chain on what a VM would do, so that the Arbitrum miners need only verify digital signatures to confirm that parties have agreed on a VM's behavior. In the event that the parties cannot reach unanimous agreement off-chain, Arbitrum still allows honest parties to advance the VM state on-chain. If a party tries to lie about a VM's behavior, the verifier (or miners) will identify and penalize the dishonest party by using a highly-efficient challenge-based protocol that exploits features of the Arbitrum virtual machine architecture. Moving the verification of VMs' behavior off-chain in this way provides dramatic improvements in scalability and privacy. We describe Arbitrum's protocol and virtual machine architecture, and we present a working prototype implementation. USENIX is committed to Open Access to the research presented at our events. Papers and proceedings are freely available to everyone once the event begins. Any video, audio, and/or slides that are posted after the event are also free and open to everyone. and our commitment to Open Access. @inproceedings {217511, author = {Harry Kalodner and Steven Goldfeder and Xiaoqi Chen and S. Matthew Weinberg and Edward W. Felten}, title = {Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts}, booktitle = {27th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 18)}, isbn = {978-1-939133-04-5}, address = {Baltimore, MD}, pages = {1353--1370}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity18/presentation/kalodner}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, Registration Information Registration Discounts Student and Diversity Grants Venue, Hotel, and Travel Birds-of-a-Feather Sessions Poster Session and Happy Hour Submission Policies and Instructions Instructions for Presenters

Häufige Fragen

Was ist das Arbitrum Whitepaper?
Das Arbitrum Whitepaper mit dem Titel 'Arbitrum: Scalable, Private Smart Contracts' beschreibt ein Optimistic-Rollup-Protokoll für die Ethereum-Skalierung. Als USENIX-Security-Paper 2018 veröffentlicht, stellt es interaktive Betrugsbeweise für die Off-Chain-Berechnungsverifizierung vor.
Wer hat das Arbitrum Whitepaper verfasst und wann?
Das Arbitrum Whitepaper wurde von Harry Kalodner, Steven Goldfeder und anderen an der Princeton University verfasst. Es wurde 2018 veröffentlicht, die Technologie wurde durch Offchain Labs kommerzialisiert, mitgegründet von Ed Felten (ehemaliger stellvertretender CTO des Weißen Hauses).
Was ist Arbitrums zentrale technische Innovation?
Arbitrums Kerninnovation ist sein interaktives Betrugsbeweis-System – Streitigkeiten werden durch ein mehrstufiges Bisektionsprotokoll gelöst, das sich auf eine einzelne Instruktion verengt, was die On-Chain-Verifizierung auf Ethereum L1 äußerst gas-effizient macht.
Wie funktioniert Arbitrums Rollup-Mechanismus?
Arbitrum bündelt Transaktionen Off-Chain und veröffentlicht komprimierte Daten auf Ethereum L1. Ein Sequenzer ordnet Transaktionen und veröffentlicht Zustandsverpflichtungen. Jeder kann falsche Zustandswurzeln durch Einleitung eines Betrugsbeweises während eines ca. 7-tägigen Anfechtungszeitraums anfechten.
Wie unterscheidet sich Arbitrum von Optimism?
Arbitrum verwendet interaktive Betrugsbeweise (mehrstufige Bisektion), während Optimism nicht-interaktive Betrugsbeweise (einstufige Neuausführung) nutzt. Arbitrum hat eine eigene AVM/WASM-Ausführungsumgebung, während Optimism eine modifizierte EVM (den OP Stack) verwendet.
Was ist ARBs Versorgungsmodell?
ARB hat ein Gesamtangebot von 10 Milliarden Token mit einer jährlichen Inflationsobergrenze von 2 % für DAO-Governance. Die Verteilung umfasst 42,78 % an die DAO-Treasury, 26,94 % an Investoren, 17,53 % an das Team und 12,75 % über den initialen Airdrop.
Was sind Arbitrums primäre Anwendungsfälle?
Arbitrum ist der größte Ethereum-L2 nach TVL und beherbergt bedeutende DeFi-Protokolle (GMX, Camelot, Radiant), NFT-Projekte und Gaming. Arbitrum Orbit ermöglicht Projekten den Start von L3-Chains unter Verwendung von Arbitrums Technologie-Stack.
Welches Problem löst Arbitrum?
Arbitrum löst Ethereums hohe Gaskosten und begrenzten Durchsatz, indem Transaktionen Off-Chain ausgeführt werden und dabei Ethereums Sicherheit geerbt wird. Nutzer erhalten 10-100-fach niedrigere Gebühren bei gleicher Smart-Contract-Kompatibilität.
Wie funktioniert Arbitrums Sicherheitsmodell?
Arbitrums Sicherheit erbt von Ethereum L1 – Transaktionsdaten werden auf Ethereum veröffentlicht, und jeder einzelne ehrliche Validator kann falsche Zustandswurzeln anfechten. Der 7-tägige Anfechtungszeitraum gewährleistet ausreichend Zeit für die Betrugserkennung.
Was ist der aktuelle Stand des Arbitrum-Ökosystems?
Arbitrum ist der führende Ethereum-L2 nach gesperrtem Gesamtwert. Arbitrum One (Rollup), Arbitrum Nova (AnyTrust für Gaming/Social), Stylus (WASM-Smart-Contracts) und Orbit (L3-Framework) bilden einen umfassenden Skalierungs-Stack. Das ArbitrumDAO steuert die Protokollentwicklung.