Read Crypto Whitepapers
The original whitepapers that started it all. Read in with side-by-side translation.
Bitcoin
$BTCBitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
Ethereum
$ETHEthereum: A Next-Generation Smart Contract and Decentralized Application Platform
Tether
$USDTTether: Fiat currencies on the Bitcoin blockchain
XRP
$XRPThe Ripple Protocol Consensus Algorithm
Solana
$SOLSolana: A new architecture for a high performance blockchain
USD Coin
$USDCUSD Coin (USDC): A Stablecoin by Circle and Coinbase
BNB
$BNBBinance Whitepaper
Dogecoin
$DOGEDogecoin: A Community-Driven Cryptocurrency
Cardano
$ADAWhy We Are Building Cardano
TRON
$TRXTRON Whitepaper v2.0
Avalanche
$AVAXAvalanche Platform Whitepaper
Chainlink
$LINKChainlink 2.0: Next Steps in the Evolution of Decentralized Oracle Networks
Polkadot
$DOTPolkadot: Vision for a Heterogeneous Multi-Chain Framework
Uniswap
$UNIUniswap v3 Whitepaper
Stellar
$XLMThe Stellar Consensus Protocol
Polygon
$POLPOL: One Token for All Polygon Chains
Cosmos
$ATOMCosmos: A Network of Distributed Ledgers
Bitcoin Cash
$BCHBitcoin Cash: Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash for the World
Filecoin
$FILFilecoin: A Decentralized Storage Network
Algorand
$ALGOAlgorand: Scaling Byzantine Agreements for Cryptocurrencies
NEAR Protocol
$NEARNightshade: Near Protocol Sharding Design
Monero
$XMRCryptoNote v2.0
Aave
$AAVEAave Protocol Whitepaper
Hedera
$HBARHedera Hashgraph Platform Whitepaper
Aptos
$APTAptos Whitepaper
Sui
$SUISui: A Layer 1 for the Next Billion Users
Arbitrum
$ARBArbitrum: Scalable, Private Smart Contracts
Optimism
$OPAnalysis and Comparison between Optimism and StarkNet
Internet Computer
$ICPThe Internet Computer Whitepaper
Litecoin
$LTCLitecoin: A Peer-to-Peer Internet Currency