Cryptocurrency Glossary

An Ethereum account that contains code executed by the EVM. Contract accounts cannot sign transactions directly; they e…

Ethereum Virtual Machine: the runtime environment that executes smart contract bytecode on Ethereum-like chains. It def…

A named log type emitted by a smart contract, often used for off-chain indexing and UI updates. Events allow applicatio…

An Ethereum account controlled by a private key. EOAs can sign transactions and pay gas; they have no code, only balanc…

An append-only record emitted by contract execution, typically indexed for efficient querying. Logs are the basis for m…

In Ethereum, an internal call from one account/contract to another during execution. Message calls can transfer value, …

A single instruction in a virtual machine or scripting language. EVM opcodes define computational and state operations …

A record produced by transaction execution that includes status and logs/events. Receipts are used to prove that a tran…

Solana's parallel smart contract runtime that allows non-overlapping transactions to execute concurrently. Parallelism …

Program code deployed on a blockchain that can hold assets and execute deterministically based on inputs. Smart contrac…

A high-level smart contract programming language commonly used to write contracts for the EVM. Solidity compiles to EVM…

The current data of the blockchain that affects transaction validity and execution results. In Ethereum, state includes…

A root hash committing to the blockchain's state at a particular block. In Ethereum, the state root is the root of the …

Persistent contract data stored on-chain, typically more expensive to write than transient memory. In the EVM, storage …