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Unique Node Lists

... a much weaker assertion than full trust. For example, a server might include a validator operated by a major financial institution in its UNL not because it trusts that...

Discussion

...ions — assumptions that involve trust in the competence and honesty of specific validator operators. This difference in trust models has important implications. In a pr...

Introduction

...can be removed. In traditional consensus systems like PBFT or Tendermint, every validator must communicate with every other validator to agree on the order of transactio...

Network Design

Solana's network operates on a rotating leader model where a single validator at a time is designated as the leader, responsible for producing the PoH sequen...

Proof of History Sequence

...proof that the checkpoints are part of the canonical PoH sequence (confirmed by validator votes). The verifier can then check the segment containing the insertion point ...

Timestamp

...t each PoH tick by taking the stake-weighted median of the reported times. ``` Validator Timestamp Observations: PoH Tick 500000: Validator A (10% stake): "2017-11-1...

Proof of Stake Consensus

...oH as a clock for implementing exponentially increasing lockout periods. When a validator votes on a block at a specific PoH slot, it commits to that fork of the ledger....

Streaming Proof of Replication

... to ensure that validators are actually storing the data they claim to store. A validator might discard historical data after processing it, relying on other validators ...