加密货币术语表

An entity that can hold assets and initiate actions. Ethereum uses an account model (externally owned accounts and co...

A per-block cap on total gas that constrains how much computation can be included. It helps bound resource usage and ...

The number of blocks preceding a given block in the chain. Height is often used to reference time in protocols with p...

A measure of how deep a transaction is buried under subsequent blocks. More confirmations generally reduce the risk o...

An attempt to spend the same funds twice by creating conflicting transactions. Consensus and confirmation depth are u...

The mechanism by which users compete for inclusion by paying fees. Fee markets allocate scarce block space and influe...

A unit measuring computation and storage usage in Ethereum-like systems. Gas limits and fees prevent infinite loops a...

The maximum amount of gas a transaction is allowed to consume. If execution runs out of gas, state changes revert but...

The amount a sender is willing to pay per unit of gas. In fee markets, gas price (or similar parameters) influences t...

A reference to a previous output being spent in a transaction (in UTXO systems). Inputs typically include a signature...

A transaction field that prevents inclusion in a block until a certain time or block height. Locktime enables timeloc...

The set of valid, unconfirmed transactions that nodes store and relay. Miners/validators typically choose transaction...

A new coin assignment created by a transaction. In UTXO systems, outputs define value and spending conditions, and be...

Pay-to-Public-Key-Hash: a common Bitcoin output type that locks funds to a public key hash and requires a signature a...

Pay-to-Script-Hash: a Bitcoin output type that locks funds to a script hash. The spender reveals the redeem script an...

An attack where a valid transaction from one chain is copied and re-broadcast on another chain, often after a fork. R...

A programmable spending condition language attached to transaction outputs. Bitcoin Script is intentionally limited a...

In Bitcoin, the locking script of an output specifying the conditions required to spend it. Inputs provide data that ...

In Bitcoin, the unlocking script in an input that provides signatures and data to satisfy the referenced output's Scr...

A Bitcoin protocol upgrade that separates signature (witness) data from the transaction's main structure. SegWit incr...

A signed message that proposes a state change, such as transferring funds. Transactions are propagated through the ne...

A payment attached to a transaction to incentivize inclusion in a block. In many systems, fees are paid to the block ...

A hash-based identifier for a transaction (often a hash of its serialized form). It is used to reference and track tr...

A property where a transaction's identifier can be changed without changing its effects, typically by altering signat...

Unspent Transaction Output: the accounting model used by Bitcoin-like systems where coins are represented as discrete...

Signature and script-related data used to satisfy spending conditions. In SegWit, witness data is separated from the ...